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ENDNOTES

step one ‘ London widowhood reviewed: the fresh new refuse off women remarriage about 17th and you may early eighteenth many years ‘, Continuity and alter 5 ( 1990 ), 323 –55.CrossRefGoogle Pupil

step 3 Wrigley , E. A great. and you can Schofield , R. , The population reputation of The united kingdomt, 1541–1871: a reconstruction ( London area , 1981 ), 258 –9Google Pupil ; Todd , Barbara J. , ‘New remarrying widow: a label reconsidered’, in the Earlier in the day , Meters. ed., Feamales in English people, 1500–1800 ( London , 1985 ), 54 – ninety-five .Yahoo Scholar

4 Brodsky , Vivien , ‘Widows within the later Elizabethan London: reily orientations’, inside the Bonfield , L. , Smith , R. and you can Wrightson , K. eds., The country i have gained ( Oxford , 1986 ), 122 –54.Google Scholar

5 Neither, we may add, performed riches make sure they (anecdotal evidence to the contrary), as well as recommended of the Nancy Adamson’s finding ( ‘Metropolitan family members: the fresh societal framework of the London area elite group, 1500–1603′ [unpublished Ph.D. thesis, School off Toronto , 1983 ], 188 –90]Yahoo Student , reported of the Steven Rappaport ( Planets inside planets: Brasiliansk postorder brudar USA formations from lifestyle during the sixteenth-century London [ Cambridge , 1989 ], forty )Google Student , you to on the later sixteenth century specific 58 per cent regarding aldermen’s widows, certainly the brand new richest and more than eligible off couples, failed to remarry.

six Discover Grigg , Susan , ‘ To the an idea away from remarriage: a case study of Newburyport early in the fresh 19th century ‘, Diary out-of Interdisciplinary Background 8 ( 1977 ), 183 – 220 .CrossRefGoogle Beginner

8 Wilson , Adrian , ‘ Illegitimacy and its particular ramifications for the mid-eighteenth-century London: the evidence of the Foundling Health ‘, Continuity and alter 4 ( 1989 ), 136 .CrossRefGoogle College student

nine ‘ House and you can kinship: Ryton regarding the later 16th and you will early seventeenth centuries ‘, Record Workshop ten ( 1980 ), 49 .Bing Student

11 Ibid. Austen’s log provides understanding of a great generational move. Austen herself rejected remarriage as the infringing their unique private and you may economic versatility also their honor, when you’re meanwhile taking you to definitely their own mom’s remarriage in order to Alderman John Highlord during the early 1640s got element of the foundation for her very own prosperity (Uk Library, Incorporate. MS. 4454, fos. 79v, 93, 93v, 105).

twelve Brand new petition of your own widows, into the and you may on London area and you will Westminster getting a redress of the grievances , repr. Harleian Miscellany 10 ( London area , 1810 ), 170 –5.Yahoo Scholar

fourteen The brand new genre on English world is talked about most widely by Linda Woodbridge, in females therefore the English Renaissance: literature and characteristics off womankind, 1540–1620 ( Urbana , 1986 ).Bing Scholar

15 The words finishes ‘we widowes is restored to our previous joyes from the which have plurality out-of suitors and you can day-after-day expectations of obtaining an effective and you may lusty more youthful husbands, towards the peace and quiet in our government and you can rejoycing of your soules, for ladies (while we would have every globe discover) desire to live and you can color regarding neighborhood out of husbands’.

16 To many other similar mock petitions blogged contained in this several months and you may later, find Smith , H. and Cardinale , S. , Female together with books of seventeenth century: an annotated bibliography ( Ny , 1990 ).Bing College student

17 Nicholles , A good. , A discourse from , J. , New arraignment off …female, with a part with the ‘New sustain-baiting of your own mirror out of widows’ ( 1615 )Bing Scholar ; Taylor , J. , The fresh Juniper Lectures ( 1639 ).Bing Pupil

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18 MacDonald , Roentgen. Good. , ‘The latest widow: a continual shape when you look at the Jacobean and Caroline comedy’ (unpublished Ph.D. thesis, School of brand new Brunswick , 1978 ), step one , 75 , 79 .Yahoo College student Once i pointed out inside ‘Brand new reples out-of widows exactly who chosen to not wed and you can resisted importunate suitors. Phase widows is actually universally steeped, in order for resource will bring absolutely nothing direction for these guessing towards perceptions of worst widow.